Difference between revisions of "Language/Macedonian/Grammar/Nouns:-Gender-and-Plurals"

Latest revision as of 22:49, 21 June 2023

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Macedonian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Nouns and Adjectives → Nouns: Gender and Plurals

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on Macedonian grammar! In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of nouns in Macedonian, focusing specifically on gender and plurals. Nouns are an essential part of any language, as they allow us to name people, objects, places, and concepts. Understanding the gender and plural forms of nouns is crucial for effective communication in Macedonian.

In this comprehensive lesson, we will delve into the details of noun gender and plurals, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. We will also explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of these concepts, as well as any historical reasons for these differences. Additionally, we will share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes related to the topic, making the learning experience both educational and entertaining.

To help you practice and apply what you learn, we have included a series of exercises and practice scenarios. These interactive activities will test your understanding of noun gender and plurals, allowing you to reinforce your knowledge and improve your language skills. We have also provided solutions and explanations for these exercises, ensuring that you receive the guidance you need for successful learning.

So, let's get started on our journey to discover the gender and plurals of nouns in Macedonian! By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of these concepts and be able to use them confidently in your conversations and written communication.

Noun Gender[edit | edit source]

In Macedonian, just like in many other languages, nouns have gender. Gender refers to the categorization of nouns into masculine, feminine, and neuter. Understanding noun gender is essential for proper noun agreement and sentence construction. Let's explore each gender category in detail.

Masculine Nouns[edit | edit source]

Masculine nouns are typically used to refer to males, male animals, and certain objects or concepts that are considered masculine. In Macedonian, masculine nouns usually end in a consonant or the vowel "о". Here are some examples:

Macedonian	Pronunciation	English Translation
маж	mazh	man
мачка	machka	cat
дом	dom	house
перо	pero	feather
месо	meso	meat

As you can see from the examples, the masculine nouns in Macedonian do not have any specific endings that indicate their gender. However, there are some patterns to be aware of. For example, many masculine nouns that end in "о" are borrowed from foreign languages. Additionally, certain nouns have irregular forms, so it's important to memorize them.

Feminine Nouns[edit | edit source]

Feminine nouns are typically used to refer to females, female animals, and certain objects or concepts that are considered feminine. In Macedonian, feminine nouns usually end in "а" or "ја". Here are some examples:

Macedonian	Pronunciation	English Translation
жена	zhena	woman
мачка	machka	cat
столица	stolitsa	capital
книга	kniga	book
песна	pesna	song

Unlike masculine nouns, feminine nouns in Macedonian often have specific endings that indicate their gender. Nouns ending in "а" are usually feminine, while those ending in "ја" are typically borrowed from foreign languages. However, there are exceptions to these patterns, so it's important to learn the gender of each noun individually.

Neuter Nouns[edit | edit source]

Neuter nouns are used to refer to objects, concepts, and animals that are neither specifically male nor female. In Macedonian, neuter nouns usually end in "е" or "о". Here are some examples:

Macedonian	Pronunciation	English Translation
сонце	sonce	sun
дрво	drvo	tree
момче	momche	boy
село	selo	village
око	oko	eye

Neuter nouns in Macedonian also have specific endings that indicate their gender. Nouns ending in "е" are typically neuter, while those ending in "о" can be either masculine or neuter. It's important to note that some nouns can have both masculine and neuter forms with different meanings, so context is crucial for understanding their gender.

Plural Nouns[edit | edit source]

In addition to gender, Macedonian nouns also have plural forms. Plurals are used when referring to more than one person, object, or concept. Forming plurals in Macedonian involves adding specific endings to the noun stem. Let's explore the different ways to form plural nouns.

Plurals Ending in "и"[edit | edit source]

The most common way to form plural nouns in Macedonian is by adding the ending "и" to the noun stem. This ending is used for both masculine and neuter nouns. Here are some examples:

Macedonian	Pronunciation	English Translation
маж	mazh	man
мажи	mazhi	men
сонце	sonce	sun
сонца	sonca	suns
дрво	drvo	tree
дрва	drva	trees

As you can see from the examples, the noun stem remains the same, and the plural ending "и" is added to indicate multiple objects. It's important to note that some masculine nouns undergo vowel changes when forming the plural, so it's crucial to memorize the irregular forms.

Plurals Ending in "иња"[edit | edit source]

Another way to form plural nouns in Macedonian is by adding the ending "иња" to the noun stem. This ending is used for feminine nouns. Here are some examples:

Macedonian	Pronunciation	English Translation
жена	zhena	woman
жени	zheni	women
столица	stolitsa	capital
столици	stolitsi	capitals
книга	kniga	book
книги	knigi	books

In feminine nouns, the plural ending "иња" is added to the noun stem to indicate multiple objects. Similar to masculine nouns, some feminine nouns also have irregular forms in the plural, so it's important to learn them individually.

Plurals Ending in "а"[edit | edit source]

Some feminine nouns form their plurals by replacing the ending "а" with the ending "и". This pattern is more common in certain dialects and regional variations of Macedonian. Here are some examples:

Macedonian	Pronunciation	English Translation
мачка	machka	cat
мачки	machki	cats
песна	pesna	song
песни	pesni	songs
книга	kniga	book
книги	knigi	books

As you can see, the ending "а" is replaced by "и" in the plural form of these nouns. This variation adds an interesting cultural aspect to the Macedonian language, reflecting the diversity within the language itself.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

The gender and plural forms of nouns in Macedonian are deeply rooted in the language's history and cultural context. Understanding these linguistic aspects can provide valuable insights into Macedonian culture and society. Here are some interesting cultural facts related to noun gender and plurals in Macedonian:

1. Gendered Professions: In Macedonian, many professions are gendered, meaning that the noun used to describe a person's occupation has different masculine and feminine forms. For example, a male doctor is called "доктор" (doktor), while a female doctor is called "докторка" (doktorka). This distinction reflects traditional gender roles and societal expectations.

2. Regional Variations: Like many languages, Macedonian exhibits regional variations in the usage and understanding of noun gender and plurals. Certain dialects may have different noun endings or irregular forms, adding diversity to the language. Exploring these regional variations can enhance your understanding of the cultural and linguistic richness of Macedonia.

3. Borrowed Words: Macedonian, like many languages, has borrowed words from other languages throughout its history. These borrowed words often retain their original gender and plural forms, adding complexity to noun agreement. For example, the word "компјутер" (kompjuter), meaning "computer," is borrowed from English and follows different gender and plural rules compared to native Macedonian words.

4. Cultural References: Nouns in Macedonian often carry cultural connotations and references. For example, certain nouns related to traditional Macedonian customs, food, or folklore may be gendered or have specific plural forms. Learning these cultural nuances can deepen your understanding of Macedonian culture and allow you to communicate more effectively with native speakers.

By exploring the cultural aspects of noun gender and plurals in Macedonian, you not only enhance your language skills but also gain a deeper appreciation for the language's history, traditions, and cultural nuances.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put your knowledge into practice with some exercises. Choose the correct form of the noun or fill in the blanks with the appropriate plural form. Check your answers with the provided solutions and explanations.

1. Choose the correct plural form for the noun "куче" (kuche), meaning "dog": a) кучиња (kuchinja) b) кучиње (kuchinje) c) кучињи (kuchinji) d) кучета (kucheta)

2. Fill in the blank with the correct plural form of the noun "град" (grad), meaning "city": Во Скопје има многу _____________. (In Skopje, there are many ________.) a) градови (gradovi) b) градинки (gradinki) c) градове (grade) d) градини (gradini)

3. Choose the correct form of the noun "земја" (zemja), meaning "country": a) земји (zemji) b) земје (zemje) c) земја (zemja) d) земјиња (zemjinja)

4. Fill in the blank with the correct plural form of the noun "книга" (kniga), meaning "book": Моите ___________ се расфрлани по собата. (My _________ are scattered around the room.) a) книги (knigi) b) книгарки (knigarki) c) книгиња (kniginja) d) книгишта (knigishta)

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

1. d) кучета (kucheta) The noun "куче" (kuche) changes to "кучета" (kucheta) in the plural form. This follows the pattern of adding the ending "ета" to the noun stem.

2. a) градови (gradovi) The noun "град" (grad) changes to "градови" (gradovi) in the plural form. This follows the pattern of adding the ending "ови" to the noun stem.

3. c) земја (zemja) The noun "земја" (zemja) remains the same in the plural form. Some nouns don't change in the plural, and "земја" is one of them.

4. a) книги (knigi) The noun "книга" (kniga) changes to "книги" (knigi) in the plural form. This follows the pattern of replacing the ending "а" with "и".

Congratulations on completing the exercises! Keep practicing and applying your knowledge of noun gender and plurals to strengthen your understanding of Macedonian grammar.

Table of Contents - Macedonian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Introductions and Greetings

Pronouns and Articles

Numbers and Colors

Nouns and Adjectives

Family and Relationships

Verbs and Tenses

Food and Drink

Negation and Questions

Locations and Directions

Prepositions and Conjunctions

Daily Activities and Hobbies

Macedonian Culture and Traditions

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Colors — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Adjectives: Agreement and Comparatives ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Macedonian/Vocabulary/Colors|◀️ Colors — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Macedonian/Grammar/Adjectives:-Agreement-and-Comparatives|Next Lesson — Adjectives: Agreement and Comparatives ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Macedonian-Page-Top}}
 <div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Macedonian|Macedonian]]  → [[Language/Macedonian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Macedonian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Nouns and Adjectives → Nouns: Gender and Plurals</div>
 __TOC__
-In this lesson, you will learn about the gender of nouns in Macedonian and how to form plural nouns.
+== Introduction ==
-== Nouns in Macedonian ==
+Welcome to the lesson on Macedonian grammar! In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of nouns in Macedonian, focusing specifically on gender and plurals. Nouns are an essential part of any language, as they allow us to name people, objects, places, and concepts. Understanding the gender and plural forms of nouns is crucial for effective communication in Macedonian.
-In Macedonian, nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The gender of a noun is important because it affects the form of articles, adjectives, and some verbs that modify the noun.
+In this comprehensive lesson, we will delve into the details of noun gender and plurals, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. We will also explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of these concepts, as well as any historical reasons for these differences. Additionally, we will share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes related to the topic, making the learning experience both educational and entertaining.
-For example, the definite article "the" changes depending on the gender of the noun:
+To help you practice and apply what you learn, we have included a series of exercises and practice scenarios. These interactive activities will test your understanding of noun gender and plurals, allowing you to reinforce your knowledge and improve your language skills. We have also provided solutions and explanations for these exercises, ensuring that you receive the guidance you need for successful learning.
-* машко (masculine) - "the" is "тој" (toj)
+So, let's get started on our journey to discover the gender and plurals of nouns in Macedonian! By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of these concepts and be able to use them confidently in your conversations and written communication.
-* женско (feminine) - "the" is "таа" (taa)
-* средно (neuter) - "the" is "то" (to)
-Additionally, nouns in Macedonian have two numbers - singular and plural. The plural form is created by adding the suffix "-и" (for the masculine and neuter genders) or "-и/ици" (for the feminine gender) to the singular form of the noun.
+== Noun Gender ==
-For example:
+In Macedonian, just like in many other languages, nouns have gender. Gender refers to the categorization of nouns into masculine, feminine, and neuter. Understanding noun gender is essential for proper noun agreement and sentence construction. Let's explore each gender category in detail.
-* син (son) - синови (sons)
+=== Masculine Nouns ===
-* автомобил (car) - автомобили (cars)
-* мајка (mother) - мајки/мајчици (mothers)
-Now, let's take a closer look at each gender.
+Masculine nouns are typically used to refer to males, male animals, and certain objects or concepts that are considered masculine. In Macedonian, masculine nouns usually end in a consonant or the vowel "о". Here are some examples:
-=== Masculine Gender ===
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
-The masculine gender includes all male beings and objects. Additionally, some words that do not refer to male beings or objects are also masculine.
+|-
+| маж || mazh || man
-Examples of masculine nouns in Macedonian include:
+|-
+| мачка || machka || cat
+|-
+| дом || dom || house
+|-
+| перо || pero || feather
+|-
+| месо || meso || meat
+|}
-* човек (man)
+As you can see from the examples, the masculine nouns in Macedonian do not have any specific endings that indicate their gender. However, there are some patterns to be aware of. For example, many masculine nouns that end in "о" are borrowed from foreign languages. Additionally, certain nouns have irregular forms, so it's important to memorize them.
-* куќа (house)
-* куче (dog)
-* фудбал (football)
-To form the plural of masculine nouns, add the suffix "-и" to the singular form of the noun.
+=== Feminine Nouns ===
-Examples:
+Feminine nouns are typically used to refer to females, female animals, and certain objects or concepts that are considered feminine. In Macedonian, feminine nouns usually end in "а" or "ја". Here are some examples:
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English
+! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
+|-
+| жена || zhena || woman
+|-
+| мачка || machka || cat
 |-
-| човек || chovek || man
+| столица || stolitsa || capital
 |-
-| човеци || choveci || men
+| книга || kniga || book
 |-
-| куќа || koo-ja || house
+| песна || pesna || song
+|}
+Unlike masculine nouns, feminine nouns in Macedonian often have specific endings that indicate their gender. Nouns ending in "а" are usually feminine, while those ending in "ја" are typically borrowed from foreign languages. However, there are exceptions to these patterns, so it's important to learn the gender of each noun individually.
+=== Neuter Nouns ===
+Neuter nouns are used to refer to objects, concepts, and animals that are neither specifically male nor female. In Macedonian, neuter nouns usually end in "е" or "о". Here are some examples:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 |-
-| куќи || koo-ji || houses
+| сонце || sonce || sun
 |-
-| куче || koo-che || dog
+| дрво || drvo || tree
 |-
-| кучиња || koo-chin-ya || dogs
+| момче || momche || boy
 |-
-| фудбал || food-bal || football
+| село || selo || village
 |-
-| фудбали || food-ba-li || footballs
+| око || oko || eye
 |}
-=== Feminine Gender ===
+Neuter nouns in Macedonian also have specific endings that indicate their gender. Nouns ending in "е" are typically neuter, while those ending in "о" can be either masculine or neuter. It's important to note that some nouns can have both masculine and neuter forms with different meanings, so context is crucial for understanding their gender.
-The feminine gender includes all female beings and objects. Additionally, some words that do not refer to female beings or objects are also feminine.
-Examples of feminine nouns in Macedonian include:
+== Plural Nouns ==
-* жена (woman)
+In addition to gender, Macedonian nouns also have plural forms. Plurals are used when referring to more than one person, object, or concept. Forming plurals in Macedonian involves adding specific endings to the noun stem. Let's explore the different ways to form plural nouns.
-* кафе (coffee)
-* книга (book)
-* река (river)
-To form the plural of feminine nouns, add the suffix "-и/ици" to the singular form of the noun.
+=== Plurals Ending in "и" ===
-Examples:
+The most common way to form plural nouns in Macedonian is by adding the ending "и" to the noun stem. This ending is used for both masculine and neuter nouns. Here are some examples:
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English
+! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
-|-
-| жена || zhe-na || woman
-|-
-| жени/женки || zhe-ni/zhen-ki || women
 |-
-| кафе || kaf-e || coffee
+| маж || mazh || man
 |-
-| кафиња || kafin-ya || coffees
+| мажи || mazhi || men
 |-
-| книга || knee-ga || book
+| сонце || sonce || sun
 |-
-| книги || knee-gi || books
+| сонца || sonca || suns
 |-
-| река || re-ka || river
+| дрво || drvo || tree
 |-
-| реки || re-ki || rivers
+| дрва || drva || trees
 |}
-=== Neuter Gender ===
+As you can see from the examples, the noun stem remains the same, and the plural ending "и" is added to indicate multiple objects. It's important to note that some masculine nouns undergo vowel changes when forming the plural, so it's crucial to memorize the irregular forms.
-The neuter gender includes all objects that are not living beings.
+=== Plurals Ending in "иња" ===
-Examples of neuter nouns in Macedonian include:
+Another way to form plural nouns in Macedonian is by adding the ending "иња" to the noun stem. This ending is used for feminine nouns. Here are some examples:
-* масло (oil)
+{| class="wikitable"
-* стакло (glass)
+! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
-* дрво (tree)
+|-
-* момче (boy)
+| жена || zhena || woman
+|-
+| жени || zheni || women
+|-
+| столица || stolitsa || capital
+|-
+| столици || stolitsi || capitals
+|-
+| книга || kniga || book
+|-
+| книги || knigi || books
+|}
-To form the plural of neuter nouns, add the suffix "-и" to the singular form of the noun.
+In feminine nouns, the plural ending "иња" is added to the noun stem to indicate multiple objects. Similar to masculine nouns, some feminine nouns also have irregular forms in the plural, so it's important to learn them individually.
-Examples:
+=== Plurals Ending in "а" ===
+Some feminine nouns form their plurals by replacing the ending "а" with the ending "и". This pattern is more common in certain dialects and regional variations of Macedonian. Here are some examples:
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English
+! Macedonian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
-|-
-| масло || mas-lo || oil
-|-
-| масла || mas-la || oils
 |-
-| стакло || stak-lo || glass
+| мачка || machka || cat
 |-
-| стакла || stak-la || glasses
+| мачки || machki || cats
 |-
-| дрво || dr-vo || tree
+| песна || pesna || song
 |-
-| дрва || dr-va || trees
+| песни || pesni || songs
 |-
-| момче || mom-che || boy
+| книга || kniga || book
 |-
-| момчиња || mom-chin-ya || boys
+| книги || knigi || books
 |}
-== Exceptions ==
+As you can see, the ending "а" is replaced by "и" in the plural form of these nouns. This variation adds an interesting cultural aspect to the Macedonian language, reflecting the diversity within the language itself.
+== Cultural Insights ==
+The gender and plural forms of nouns in Macedonian are deeply rooted in the language's history and cultural context. Understanding these linguistic aspects can provide valuable insights into Macedonian culture and society. Here are some interesting cultural facts related to noun gender and plurals in Macedonian:
+. Gendered Professions: In Macedonian, many professions are gendered, meaning that the noun used to describe a person's occupation has different masculine and feminine forms. For example, a male doctor is called "доктор" (doktor), while a female doctor is called "докторка" (doktorka). This distinction reflects traditional gender roles and societal expectations.
+. Regional Variations: Like many languages, Macedonian exhibits regional variations in the usage and understanding of noun gender and plurals. Certain dialects may have different noun endings or irregular forms, adding diversity to the language. Exploring these regional variations can enhance your understanding of the cultural and linguistic richness of Macedonia.
+. Borrowed Words: Macedonian, like many languages, has borrowed words from other languages throughout its history. These borrowed words often retain their original gender and plural forms, adding complexity to noun agreement. For example, the word "компјутер" (kompjuter), meaning "computer," is borrowed from English and follows different gender and plural rules compared to native Macedonian words.
+. Cultural References: Nouns in Macedonian often carry cultural connotations and references. For example, certain nouns related to traditional Macedonian customs, food, or folklore may be gendered or have specific plural forms. Learning these cultural nuances can deepen your understanding of Macedonian culture and allow you to communicate more effectively with native speakers.
+By exploring the cultural aspects of noun gender and plurals in Macedonian, you not only enhance your language skills but also gain a deeper appreciation for the language's history, traditions, and cultural nuances.
+== Exercises ==
+Now it's time to put your knowledge into practice with some exercises. Choose the correct form of the noun or fill in the blanks with the appropriate plural form. Check your answers with the provided solutions and explanations.
+. Choose the correct plural form for the noun "куче" (kuche), meaning "dog":
+a) кучиња (kuchinja)
+b) кучиње (kuchinje)
+c) кучињи (kuchinji)
+d) кучета (kucheta)
+. Fill in the blank with the correct plural form of the noun "град" (grad), meaning "city":
+Во Скопје има многу _____________. (In Skopje, there are many ________.)
+a) градови (gradovi)
+b) градинки (gradinki)
+c) градове (grade)
+d) градини (gradini)
+. Choose the correct form of the noun "земја" (zemja), meaning "country":
+a) земји (zemji)
+b) земје (zemje)
+c) земја (zemja)
+d) земјиња (zemjinja)
-Like many other languages, Macedonian has some nouns that do not follow the typical patterns of gender and number formation. Here are a few exceptions:
+. Fill in the blank with the correct plural form of the noun "книга" (kniga), meaning "book":
+Моите ___________ се расфрлани по собата. (My _________ are scattered around the room.)
+a) книги (knigi)
+b) книгарки (knigarki)
+c) книгиња (kniginja)
+d) книгишта (knigishta)
-* дете (child) - neuter gender, plural form: деца (detsa)
+== Solutions and Explanations ==
-* око (eye) - neuter gender, plural form: очи (ochi)
-* уво (ear) - neuter gender, plural form: уши (ushi)
-* здравје (health) - neuter gender, plural form: no plural
-It's important to memorize the exceptions in order to use them correctly in conversation.
+. d) кучета (kucheta)
+The noun "куче" (kuche) changes to "кучета" (kucheta) in the plural form. This follows the pattern of adding the ending "ета" to the noun stem.
-== Conclusion ==
+. a) градови (gradovi)
+The noun "град" (grad) changes to "градови" (gradovi) in the plural form. This follows the pattern of adding the ending "ови" to the noun stem.
-In conclusion, the gender and number of nouns are important concepts in Macedonian grammar. By understanding how to form plurals and assign gender accurately, you can communicate more effectively in Macedonian. In the next lesson, we will cover how adjectives agree with nouns in gender and number.
+. c) земја (zemja)
+The noun "земја" (zemja) remains the same in the plural form. Some nouns don't change in the plural, and "земја" is one of them.
+. a) книги (knigi)
+The noun "книга" (kniga) changes to "книги" (knigi) in the plural form. This follows the pattern of replacing the ending "а" with "и".
+Congratulations on completing the exercises! Keep practicing and applying your knowledge of noun gender and plurals to strengthen your understanding of Macedonian grammar.
 {{#seo:
 |title=Macedonian Grammar → Nouns and Adjectives → Nouns: Gender and Plurals
-|keywords=Macedonian Grammar, Nouns, Adjectives, Gender, Plurals, masculine, feminine, neuter
+|keywords=Macedonian grammar, Macedonian nouns, noun gender, noun plurals, Macedonian language
-|description=Learn about the gender and number of nouns in Macedonian and form plurals accurately. Find out more in this Complete 0 to A1 Macedonian Course.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn about noun gender and plurals in Macedonian. Explore the cultural aspects of noun gender and plurals, practice with exercises, and gain valuable insights into Macedonian culture.
 }}
@@ Line 160: / Line 229: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Macedonian-0-to-A1-Course]]
-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Sources==
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_grammar Macedonian grammar - Wikipedia]
+* [http://www.learn-mk.com/p/lesson-5.html Learn Macedonian Language for FREE: Lesson 5]
+* [https://app.memrise.com/course/777634/basic-macedonian-with-grammar-and-audio/44/ Level 44 - Grammatical Rules - Basic Macedonian (with Grammar ...]
-==Related Lessons==
+==Other Lessons==
 * [[Language/Macedonian/Grammar/Asking-Questions|Asking Questions]]
 * [[Language/Macedonian/Grammar/Feminine|Feminine]]
@@ Line 177: / Line 253: @@
-<span class='maj'></span>
-==Sources==
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_grammar Macedonian grammar - Wikipedia]
-* [http://www.learn-mk.com/p/lesson-5.html Learn Macedonian Language for FREE: Lesson 5]
-* [https://app.memrise.com/course/777634/basic-macedonian-with-grammar-and-audio/44/ Level 44 - Grammatical Rules - Basic Macedonian (with Grammar ...]
 {{Macedonian-Page-Bottom}}
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Macedonian/Vocabulary/Colors|◀️ Colors — Previous Lesson]]
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+|}
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