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Revision as of 17:22, 29 March 2023
◀️ Question formation — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Negation ▶️ |
Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, indicating time, place, manner, degree, reason, or affirmation.
In Arabic, adverbs can be single words or phrases. They usually begin with the prefix "حرف" (harf) or the suffix "ًا" (an).
- Formation of Adverbs in Arabic
1. One way to form an adverb in Arabic is to add the suffix "ًا" (an) to the masculine singular form of an adjective. For example:
Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: Be Polite & Prepositions of time and place.
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
بَطِيئًا | baṭīʾan | slowly |
سَرِيعًا | sarīʿan | quickly |
كَبِيرًا | kabīran | greatly |
قَلِيلًا | qalīlan | a little |
2. Another way to form an adverb is to use the prefix "حرف" (harf) before an adjective or verb. For example:
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
حَقِيقَةً | ḥaqīqatan | in reality |
غالِبًا | ghāliban | mostly |
عادَةً | ʿādatan | usually |
3. Some adverbs in Arabic are formed from a preposition and a noun. For example:
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
عَلَى حَدٍّ | ʿalā ḥaddin | to some extent |
بِسُرْعَةٍ | bisurʿatan | quickly |
بِصُبرٍ | biṣubrin | patiently |
- Placement of Adverbs in Arabic
Adverbs in Arabic can be placed before or after the word they modify. In general, they come before the verb or adjective they modify. If the adverb is a phrase, it usually comes at the beginning or end of the sentence. For example:
- مَرَضْتُ بِشَدَّةٍ. (Maradtu bishaddatin.) - I got sick severely.
- تَكَلَّمَ بِبُطْءٍ. (Takallama bibuṭʾin.) - He spoke slowly.
- Common Adverbs in Arabic
Here are some common adverbs in Arabic:
- دائِمًا (dāʾiman) - always
- غَدًا (ghadan) - tomorrow
- كَثيرًا (kathīran) - a lot, much
- قَبْلَ (qabla) - before
- بَعْدَ (baʿda) - after
- مُبَكِّرًا (mubakkiran) - early
- مُتَأَخِّرًا (mutaʾakhkhiran) - late
- هُنَا (hunā) - here
- هُنَاكَ (hunāka) - there
- كَيْفَ (kayfa) - how
- لِماذَا (limādhā) - why
As you progress in your Arabic studies, you will encounter more adverbs in various contexts.
- Negation in Arabic using Adverbs
In Arabic, negation can be formed using adverbs. The most common negative adverb in Arabic is "لَمْ" (lam), which is used with the past tense to indicate the negation of an action. For example:
- لَمْ أُذْهِبْ إِلَى الْمَدْرَسَةِ. (Lam uḏhib ilā al-madrasati.) - I didn't go to school.
Another negative adverb in Arabic is "ما" (mā), which is used with the present and future tenses to indicate negation. For example:
- ما سَأَلتُهُ. (Mā saʾaltuhu.) - I didn't ask him.
- Sources
Other Lessons
- RELATIVE PRONOUNS
- Masculine and feminine nouns
- Gender
- Adjectives
- Conditional Mood
- Sentense Structure
- Types of Sentences
- First and second conditional
- How to Use Have
- Word order
◀️ Question formation — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Negation ▶️ |