Language/Welsh/Grammar/Describing-Actions
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In this lesson, you will learn how to use Welsh adverbs to describe actions. Adverbs are words that describe how someone or something does something, and they can be used to add more detail to your sentences. You will learn where to place adverbs in sentences, how to form adverbs, and some common adverbs that you can use in everyday conversation.
Using Welsh Adverbs
Welsh adverbs are used to describe how an action is being done. They can modify verbs, adverbs, and other adjectives to show the manner, time, place, frequency, certainty, or degree of the action. Adverbs can either appear before or after the verb they modify. When they modify adjectives and other adverbs, they usually come before them.
Placement of Adverbs
The placement of adverbs can have a significant impact on the meaning of a sentence, so it's essential to use the right position. Here are some general guidelines for where to place adverbs in Welsh sentences:
- Adverbs of frequency, such as "usually" or "always," generally come before the main verb:
* Mae e'n aros adre yn aml. (He usually stays at home.)
- Adverbs of manner, such as "quickly" or "slowly," generally come after the verb they modify:
* Cawson nhw'r traeth yn sâs. (They ran to the beach quickly.)
- Adverbs of time, such as "tomorrow" or "yesterday," often come at the beginning or end of the sentence:
* Yfory bydd hi'n brysur. (Tomorrow, she will be busy.) / Bydd hi'n brysur yfory.
- Adverbs of degree, such as "quite" or "very," usually come before the adjective or adverb they modify.
* Mae'r bwyd yn eithaf blasus. (The food is quite tasty.)
- Adverbs of place, such as "here" or "there," can come at the beginning of the sentence or immediately after the verb:
* Dyma'r lleoliad cywir. (Here is the correct location.) / Rwan, fe ddoi di draw yma. (Now, you come here.)
It's essential to note that some adverbs, such as "hardly" or "scarcely," may change the meaning of the sentence, depending on their position. Therefore, make sure you're aware of these nuances before placing them in a particular order.
Formation of Adverbs
In Welsh, you can easily create adverbs from adjectives by adding "-i" to the end of the adjective. The resulting adverb will mean "in a (adjective)" or "adjectivally." For example:
- Cyflym (fast) → Cyflymi (quickly)
- Gwael (bad) → Gwaelod (badly)
- Cynnes (warm) → Cynnesi (warmly)
- Iach (healthy) → Iachi (healthily)
While many adverbs in Welsh are formed by adding "-i" to an adjective, some adverbs have other forms or are unique words altogether.
Here are some examples of Welsh adverbs:
| Welsh | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| yn aml | ən ˈaːml | often |
| yn syth | ən səθ | immediately |
| amser | ˈam.sɛr | always |
| mor | mɔr | so, such |
As you can see, Welsh adverbs can have different forms and meanings, so it's essential to learn them in context.
Using Adverbs in Welsh Sentences
To add more detail to your sentences, you can use adverbs to modify the verb, adjective, or other adverbs. Here are some examples of how adverbs are used in sentences:
- Dw i'n herio'r cymeriad yn galed iawn. (I challenge the character very hard.)
- Mae'r ffilm yn hir dros ben. (The movie is too long.)
- Fe wnaethon nhw chwarae'r gêm yn fedrus iawn. (They played the game very skillfully.)
- Mae hi ar fin cyrraedd. (She is about to arrive.)
- Fe ddechreuodd y glaw yn syth ar ôl i ni gadael'r tŷ. (The rain started immediately after we left the house.)
By using adverbs, you can make your sentences more lively and descriptive. In speaking and writing Welsh, it's essential to use a variety of adverbs to express yourself accurately.
Practice Exercises
Now that you've learned how to use Welsh adverbs, it's time to practice. Here are some sentences with missing adverbs. Add the appropriate adverb to complete the sentence correctly:
1. Fe aeth y ceffyl __ iawn (The horse went very fast) 2. Dw i'n hoffi ymdopi __ eithaf (I like coping quite well) 3. Mae'r tywydd yn boeth __ (The weather is too hot) 4. Dw i'n gweld hi __ (I see her now) 5. Mae'r car yn mynd __ (The car is going quickly)
Conclusion
In this lesson, you've learned how to use Welsh adverbs to describe actions better. You now know where to place adverbs in sentences and how to form them from adjectives. Using adverbs is an excellent way to make your sentences more descriptive and interesting. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be able to use adverbs like a pro!
Other Lessons
- To Be and To Have
- Pronouns
- Give your Opinion
- Adjectives
- Question Words
- How to Use Have
- The article
- Describing People
- 0 to A1 Course
- Present Continuous Tense
Sources
| ◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Common Foods ▶️ |