Language/Armenian/Grammar/Quotation-Marks-and-Parentheses
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Welcome to the lesson on Quotation Marks and Parentheses in Armenian punctuation rules! In this lesson, we will explore the usage of quotation marks and parentheses in Armenian language and discuss their proper placement. Understanding these punctuation marks is essential for effective communication and writing in Armenian.
We will start by explaining the basic concept of quotation marks and parentheses and their role in clarifying and emphasizing information in a sentence. Then, we will delve into the specific rules for using quotation marks and parentheses in Armenian, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. Additionally, we will explore any regional variations in their usage and share interesting cultural facts related to these punctuation marks.
To reinforce your understanding, we have included a series of exercises throughout the lesson where you can apply what you have learned. These exercises will help you practice using quotation marks and parentheses correctly in different contexts. We have also provided solutions and explanations for each exercise to assist you in self-assessment.
By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use quotation marks and parentheses in Armenian, allowing you to enhance your writing skills and effectively convey your thoughts and ideas.
Let's begin!
Quotation Marks[edit | edit source]
Quotation marks, also known as inverted commas, are punctuation marks used to indicate direct speech, quotations, or to enclose titles of short works such as articles, poems, or song titles. They are an essential tool for indicating when someone is speaking or when referring to a specific text.
Placing Quotation Marks in Armenian[edit | edit source]
In Armenian, quotation marks are placed differently compared to English. Instead of using double quotation marks (" "), Armenian uses a single quotation mark ( ՝ ) at the beginning and a different single quotation mark ( ՜ ) at the end of the quotation.
Let's look at some examples to understand the placement of quotation marks in Armenian:
| Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Երբ ասեք՝ բարձրանալու եմ։ | Yerb asyek՝ bardzranalou em. | When I say "I want to grow." |
| Մարդիկ ուզում են գիտել, թե ո՞վ է մեր աշակերտը։ | Mardik uzum en gitel, te՛v e mer ashakerty. | People want to know, who is our teacher? |
| Կենդանի ասում էր՝ "Լավ եմ իմ աշխարհում։" | Kendani asoum er՝ "Lav em im ashkharhoum." | The child said, "I'm happy in my world." |
As you can see in the examples, the single quotation marks are placed at the beginning and end of the quoted text, enclosing it and indicating that it is a direct quotation or someone speaking. This helps differentiate between the speaker's words and the rest of the sentence.
Quotation Marks with Other Punctuation Marks[edit | edit source]
When using quotation marks in Armenian, it is important to pay attention to their placement in relation to other punctuation marks such as commas, periods, and question marks.
Here are some rules to follow:
1. If the quoted text ends with a comma, period, or question mark, the punctuation mark is placed within the closing quotation mark.
Example: Մարդիկ ասում են՝ "Բարեված եմ։" || Mardik asoum en՝ "Barevats em." || People say, "I'm fine."
2. If the quoted text is a complete sentence and is followed by additional text, the punctuation mark is placed outside the closing quotation mark.
Example: Երբ ասում ես՝ "Ուրախ եմ," դեռ մեկ բառ ավելի անց չունես։ || Yerb asoum es՝ "Urakh em," der՛ mek bar aveli ants chunes. || When you say, "I'm happy," you don't have one more word after that.
3. If the quoted text is a question or exclamation, and additional text follows, the punctuation mark is placed outside the closing quotation mark.
Example: Նա հարցնեց՝ "Ուրախ ես՞։" և ես պատասխանեցի։ || Na harqntse՛ "Urakh es?" yev es patasxanetsi. || He asked, "Are you happy?" and I answered.
By following these rules, you can ensure that your use of quotation marks in Armenian is accurate and consistent.
Parentheses[edit | edit source]
Parentheses, also known as round brackets or simply brackets, are punctuation marks used to set off additional information or aside remarks within a sentence. They are often used to provide explanations, clarifications, or to include non-essential information.
Placing Parentheses in Armenian[edit | edit source]
In Armenian, parentheses are placed similarly to English. They consist of a pair of curved lines, one opening parenthesis "(" and one closing parenthesis ")". The text enclosed within the parentheses is set apart from the rest of the sentence.
Let's look at some examples to understand the placement of parentheses in Armenian:
| Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Հարբեցին գրեց (որպես գործ) խոսակցությունը։ | Harbetsin grets (orpեs gorծ) khosaktsutyunը. | He wrote (as a deed) the agreement. |
| Այս (անապատված) նկարը գտնվում է երկրի պատկերասրահում։ | Ays (anapաtված) nkarը gtովում e yerkri patkerasrahum. | This (famous) picture is located in the country's gallery. |
| Երբեմն (խանութների մեջ) չենք հանդիպում։ | Erbemn (khanutնeրi meջ) chenk handipum. | Sometimes we don't meet (in the stores). |
As shown in the examples, parentheses are used to enclose additional information that provides context or clarification to the main sentence. They help the reader understand the intended meaning of the sentence while keeping the extra information separate.
Using Parentheses with Other Punctuation Marks[edit | edit source]
When using parentheses in Armenian, it is important to consider their placement in relation to other punctuation marks. Here are some guidelines to follow:
1. If the text within the parentheses is a complete sentence, and it appears at the end of a larger sentence, the closing parenthesis is followed by the appropriate punctuation mark.
Example: Ո՞վ է գրել այս (որպես հրաշք) պատմությունը։ || Ov e grel ays (orpեs hrashk) patmutyunը. || Who wrote this (as a joke) story?
2. If the text within the parentheses is not a complete sentence and appears within a larger sentence, the closing parenthesis is followed by the appropriate punctuation mark.
Example: Մենք նայեցինք (անձնական համար) այն արժեքը։ || Menk nayetsinց (anjnakan hamar) ayn arjeքtը. || We found out (for personal reasons) that value.
3. If the text within the parentheses is a complete sentence, and it appears within a larger sentence, the closing parenthesis is followed by the appropriate punctuation mark, and the larger sentence continues after that.
Example: Այս բանի տվյալները կարող են լինել այսպես (մի փոքր ավելի մեծ)։ || Ays banի tվյալները karog en linel ayspes (mi pօkրr aveli meծ)։ || The data of this matter can be like this (a little bit bigger).
By following these guidelines, you can effectively use parentheses in Armenian to provide additional information or clarify the meaning of a sentence.
Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]
The usage of quotation marks and parentheses in Armenian language reflects the influence of the Armenian literary tradition and the importance of precise communication. Armenians have a rich literary history dating back to ancient times, and the proper use of punctuation marks has always been highly valued.
In Armenian literature, quotation marks are used to accurately convey the words of characters, and parentheses are employed to provide additional information or asides. These punctuation marks help readers understand the intended meaning of the text and contribute to the overall clarity and coherence of the written work.
It is worth noting that Armenian punctuation rules have evolved over time, influenced by both Western and Eastern literary traditions. Armenian literature has been shaped by various historical and cultural factors, including the adoption of the Armenian alphabet, the influence of neighboring cultures, and the development of unique Armenian literary styles.
Additionally, the Armenian language has regional variations in punctuation usage, particularly in the Armenian diaspora. These variations reflect the influence of different dialects, cultural practices, and the interaction with other languages.
Understanding the cultural and historical context of punctuation usage in Armenian can provide valuable insights into the language and enrich our appreciation for Armenian literature and communication.
Exercises[edit | edit source]
Now it's time to test your knowledge of using quotation marks and parentheses in Armenian! Try to complete the following exercises, and then check your answers against the provided solutions.
Exercise 1: Quotation Marks
Place the appropriate quotation marks in the following sentences:
1. Անձին հարցնեց՝ "Ինչու ես այդպես անում։" 2. Ինչու եք ասում՝ "Խորհրդավոր եմ։" 3. Երբ ասեք՝ "Սիրում եմ քեզ։" 4. Ես լսում եմ՝ "Այսպես էլ չե՞մ հասկացնում։" 5. Կենդանին ասում էր՝ "Խուժվում եմ։"
Exercise 2: Parentheses
Add the appropriate parentheses to the following sentences:
1. Հայաստանում (բնակված են) շատ արձանագրված երթրեր։ 2. Երբ գիտես (բացահայտում ես) որովհետև բարեվո՛րում ես։ 3. Ինչու ասում ես (համոզվածում եմ) այսպես։ 4. Դպրոցում (հաստատունակ) ջանքեր չենք գտնում։ 5. Երբեմն (մեռածների այցելությունը) խորհրդավոր է։
Solutions[edit | edit source]
Exercise 1: Quotation Marks
1. Անձին հարցնեց՝ ՝ "Ինչու ես այդպես անում։" 2. Ինչու եք ասում՝ ՝ "Խորհրդավոր եմ։" 3. Երբ ասեք՝ ՝ "Սիրում եմ քեզ։" 4. Ես լսում եմ՝ ՝ "Այսպես էլ չե՞մ հասկացնում։" 5. Կենդանին ասում էր՝ ՝ "Խուժվում եմ։"
Exercise 2: Parentheses
1. Հայաստանում (բնակված են) շատ արձանագրված երթրեր։ 2. Երբ գիտես (բացահայտում ես) որովհետև բարեվո՛րում ես։ 3. Ինչու ասում ես (համոզվածում եմ) այսպես։ 4. Դպրոցում (հաստատունակ) ջանքեր չենք գտնում։ 5. Երբեմն (մեռածների այցելությունը) խորհրդավոր է։
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Quotation Marks and Parentheses in Armenian! You have learned the proper placement and usage of these punctuation marks, which will greatly enhance your writing skills in Armenian. Remember to apply the rules we discussed to accurately convey direct speech, quotations, and additional information in your writing.
Continue practicing the usage of quotation marks and parentheses in different contexts to solidify your understanding. As you progress in your Armenian language journey, you will become more proficient in using these punctuation marks. Remember to pay attention to regional variations and cultural nuances as you encounter different Armenian texts.
In the next lesson, we will explore the usage of abbreviations and acronyms in Armenian. This will further expand your linguistic skills and broaden your understanding of written Armenian.
Բարի գիտություն (Bari gitutyun) - Good knowledge!
Sources[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- The Dative and Accusative Cases
- Future Tense
- There Is and There Are
- Conditional Sentences
- The Nominative Case
- Adjective Endings
- Give your Opinion
- How to Use Have
- The Future Perfect Tense
- Obligatory Mood Future Obligatory