Language/Georgian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have

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Georgian Grammar - How to Use "Have"

Hi Georgian learners! ๐Ÿ˜Š
In this lesson, we will learn how to use "have" in Georgian. "Have" is one of the most commonly used verbs in English, and so it is important to understand how to use it correctly in Georgian. We will go through the different ways that "have" can be used and give examples to help you understand how to use it in the proper context. Don't forget to practice as much as you can and seek out some native speakers on Polyglot Club for additional practice. Lastly, feel free to check out the find native speakers and ask them any questions if you have any doubts. ๐ŸŽ“

Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The most common way that "have" is used is in the present tense. We use it to talk about actions or events that are currently taking place or that have recently occurred. The verb "to have" in the present tense has only one form in Georgian, which is แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ— (gakvt).

Let's take a look at some examples:

Georgian Pronunciation English
แƒ›แƒ” แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒญแƒ˜. me gakvs bichi. I have a son.
แƒจแƒ”แƒœ แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ” แƒ™แƒแƒ แƒ’แƒแƒ“ แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก. shen ramแƒ kargad gakvs. You have something good.
แƒ˜แƒก แƒ“แƒแƒกแƒแƒฅแƒ›แƒ”แƒ‘แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒแƒ  แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก แƒ“แƒฆแƒ”แƒก, แƒ แƒแƒ’แƒแƒ แƒช แƒฉแƒ•แƒ”แƒœแƒก แƒ›แƒฎแƒแƒ แƒ”แƒก. is dasakmebuli ar aris dgheแƒ, rogorc' dubis msharฦกs. He is not working today, like us.

Have to[edit | edit source]

Another way to use "have" in Georgian is to express the idea of an obligation or necessity. In this case, we use the phrase แƒฃแƒœแƒ“แƒ แƒ’แƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ“แƒ”แƒก (unda gkondes), which translates to "must have".

Let's see some examples:

Georgian Pronunciation English
แƒ›แƒ” แƒฃแƒœแƒ“แƒ แƒ’แƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ“แƒ”แƒก แƒกแƒแƒšแƒแƒ แƒ แƒ›แƒแƒ•แƒแƒฅแƒชแƒ˜แƒ. me unda gkondes salaro movak'tio. I have to move to a flat.
แƒจแƒ”แƒœ แƒฃแƒœแƒ“แƒ แƒ’แƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ“แƒ”แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒ แƒขแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒšแƒจแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒฎแƒแƒ แƒฏแƒฃแƒšแƒ˜แƒก แƒกแƒแƒกแƒ˜แƒ™แƒ•แƒ“แƒ˜แƒšแƒแƒ“. shen unda gkondes mart'okhelsi mkharjulis sasikvdilod. You have to spend the night in the Mariott hotel.
แƒฉแƒ•แƒ”แƒœ แƒฃแƒœแƒ“แƒ แƒ’แƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ“แƒ”แƒ— แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒ˜ แƒ”แƒฅแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ. chven unda gkondet tavisi ekenba. We have to have our own possessions.

Have got[edit | edit source]

The phrase "have got" is a common way to use "have" in English and it can be used to mean "have" or "have to". In Georgian, we use the phrase แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ— (gakvt) to mean "have got".

Let's look at some examples:

Georgian Pronunciation English
แƒ›แƒ” แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ— แƒ›แƒแƒœแƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ. me gakvt mank'ana. I have a car.
แƒจแƒ”แƒœ แƒžแƒ แƒแƒ‘แƒšแƒ”แƒ›แƒแƒช แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ—, แƒแƒ  แƒ›แƒแƒ˜แƒœแƒช แƒแƒ›แƒแƒ’แƒ˜แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ”แƒœ. shen problemats gakvt, ar mainc'a amogivareben. You've got a problem, they still haven't fixed it.

Dialogue[edit | edit source]

- Person 1: แƒ—แƒฃแƒ›แƒชแƒ แƒ แƒแƒขแƒแƒ› แƒแƒ  แƒฌแƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ— แƒจแƒ”แƒœแƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒก แƒฃแƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ”แƒกแƒ˜ แƒแƒ›แƒแƒชแƒแƒœแƒ แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ—? - Person 2: แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ— แƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒแƒ“แƒแƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒ แƒแƒกแƒแƒ›แƒแƒฃแƒฌแƒงแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒแƒ›แƒแƒชแƒแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒ แƒ•แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜, แƒ›แƒ” แƒžแƒ˜แƒ แƒ•แƒ”แƒš แƒ แƒ˜แƒ’แƒจแƒ˜ แƒ•แƒแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘. - Person 1: แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก แƒฃแƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ”แƒกแƒ˜ แƒแƒ›แƒแƒชแƒแƒœแƒ? - Person 2: แƒ“แƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”, แƒžแƒ˜แƒ แƒ•แƒ”แƒš แƒ แƒ˜แƒ’แƒจแƒ˜ แƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒแƒ“แƒแƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒ แƒ“แƒแƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒ แƒก แƒ“แƒแƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒแƒกแƒ—แƒแƒœ แƒ”แƒ แƒ—แƒแƒ“. แƒ›แƒแƒ’แƒ แƒแƒ› แƒ—แƒฃ แƒฃแƒ™แƒ”แƒ—แƒ”แƒกแƒแƒ“ แƒ•แƒ”แƒ  แƒ’แƒแƒ™แƒ”แƒ—แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ—, แƒ•แƒ˜แƒชแƒ˜แƒ—, แƒ แƒแƒ› แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒ— แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ” แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒ’ แƒ˜แƒกแƒ”แƒ•แƒ”. - Person 1: แƒ’แƒ”แƒ›แƒกแƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒ—, แƒ›แƒ”แƒช แƒ”แƒก แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒฃแƒคแƒแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒ แƒกแƒฃแƒ แƒก, แƒ›แƒ”แƒช แƒ•แƒคแƒ˜แƒฅแƒ แƒแƒ‘, แƒ แƒแƒ› แƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒแƒ“แƒแƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒแƒชแƒแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒ˜แƒฅแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ แƒกแƒแƒ˜แƒœแƒขแƒ”แƒ แƒ”แƒกแƒ.

Past tense[edit | edit source]

When talking about the past, you can use the past tense form of "have" which is แƒ’แƒ•แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก (gvakvs). Letโ€™s look at some examples:

Georgian Pronunciation English
แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒก แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒก แƒ‘แƒ แƒซแƒแƒœแƒ แƒ’แƒ•แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก แƒคแƒแƒ แƒแƒจแƒ˜. chems tavs brdzana gvakvs parashi. We had to stay in the basement.
แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ แƒ˜แƒกแƒฎแƒ•แƒ แƒ’แƒ”แƒฅแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒฃแƒคแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒ˜แƒชแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ—แƒฎแƒ•แƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒจแƒ˜? แƒ›แƒแƒ˜แƒœแƒช แƒ’แƒ•แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก แƒ”แƒก แƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒแƒชแƒ“แƒ. romeli rikham'sva gek'neba tavisuflebis mic'emis shemtxvevashi? maic'ne gvakvs es gamotsda. Which punishment did you have in case of breach of freedom? We still have this problem.

Future Tense[edit | edit source]

In Georgian, there is no specific future tense form of "have". We can use the present tense form or the future tense of another verb, such as "will".

For example:

Georgian Pronunciation English
แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ’แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฅแƒ›แƒ”แƒ“แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ. mas gakvs mok'medeba. He has an operation.
แƒ›แƒ” แƒ“แƒแƒ•แƒฌแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ— แƒ แƒแƒ’แƒแƒ  แƒ’แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜แƒแƒœ แƒ˜แƒฅแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒ—. me davc'erit rogorgidiani ik'nebit. We will write how you will be guided.

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โžก Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. ๐Ÿ˜Ž

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