Language/Modern-greek-1453/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-counting
In the previous lesson, we learned about greetings and introductions in Modern Greek. We learned how to greet others and introduce ourselves in Greek. Today, we will continue our journey in learning the basics of Modern Greek by focusing on numbers and counting. Numbers are an essential part of any language, and learning them will help you in various everyday situations, such as telling time, buying things, and understanding prices. So let's dive into the world of numbers in Modern Greek!
Cardinal Numbers[edit | edit source]
Cardinal numbers are used to count and represent the quantity of things. In this section, we will learn how to count from 1 to 100 in Modern Greek. Let's start with the numbers from 1 to 10:
- ένα (éna) - one
- δύο (dío) - two
- τρία (tría) - three
- τέσσερα (téssera) - four
- πέντε (pénte) - five
- έξι (éxi) - six
- επτά (eftá) - seven
- οκτώ (októ) - eight
- εννέα (ennéa) - nine
- δέκα (déka) - ten
These numbers are quite straightforward and easy to remember. Now, let's continue counting from 11 to 20:
- έντεκα (énteka) - eleven
- δώδεκα (dódeka) - twelve
- δεκατρία (dekatría) - thirteen
- δεκατέσσερα (dekatéssera) - fourteen
- δεκαπέντε (dekarpénte) - fifteen
- δεκαέξι (dekaéxi) - sixteen
- δεκαεπτά (dekaeftá) - seventeen
- δεκαοκτώ (dekaoctó) - eighteen
- δεκαεννέα (dekaennéa) - nineteen
- είκοσι (íkosi) - twenty
You might have noticed that for numbers eleven to nineteen, we use a combination of the numbers from one to ten with the word "δέκα" (déka), meaning ten. For example, "δώδεκα" (dódeka) is a combination of "δύο" (dío) meaning two and "δέκα" (déka) meaning ten. This pattern continues up to nineteen. After that, we use the word "είκοσι" (íkosi) for twenty.
Now, let's move on to the numbers from twenty-one to one hundred:
- είκοσι ένα (íkosi éna) - twenty-one
- είκοσι δύο (íkosi dío) - twenty-two
- είκοσι τρία (íkosi tría) - twenty-three
- είκοσι τέσσερα (íkosi téssera) - twenty-four
- είκοσι πέντε (íkosi pénte) - twenty-five
- είκοσι έξι (íkosi éxi) - twenty-six
- είκοσι επτά (íkosi eftá) - twenty-seven
- είκοσι οκτώ (íkosi októ) - twenty-eight
- είκοσι εννέα (íkosi ennéa) - twenty-nine
- τριάντα (triánta) - thirty
- τριάντα ένα (triánta éna) - thirty-one
- τριάντα δύο (triánta dío) - thirty-two
- ...
- ενενήντα εννέα (enennínta ennéa) - ninety-nine
- εκατό (ekató) - one hundred
As you can see, the pattern is consistent throughout the numbers. We use a combination of the words for the tens and the ones, just like in English. For example, "τριάντα πέντε" (triánta pénte) means thirty-five, and "ενενήντα εννέα" (enennínta ennéa) means ninety-nine. Finally, "εκατό" (ekató) means one hundred.
Learning these numbers will be incredibly useful in various situations, such as telling time, giving your phone number, understanding prices, and much more. Practice counting in Modern Greek as much as you can to become comfortable with these numbers.
Ordinal Numbers[edit | edit source]
Ordinal numbers are used to express the order of things, such as first, second, third, and so on. In this section, we will learn how to form ordinal numbers in Modern Greek.
To form ordinal numbers in Modern Greek, we generally add the suffix "-οστος" ("-ostos") to the cardinal number. Here are the ordinal numbers from first to tenth:
- πρώτος (prótos) - first
- δεύτερος (défteros) - second
- τρίτος (trítos) - third
- τέταρτος (tétartos) - fourth
- πέμπτος (pémptos) - fifth
- έκτος (éktos) - sixth
- έβδομος (évdomos) - seventh
- όγδοος (ógdoos) - eighth
- ένατος (énatos) - ninth
- δέκατος (dékatos) - tenth
For numbers beyond ten, we add the suffix "-οστος" ("-ostos") to the corresponding cardinal number. For example:
- είκοστος (íkostos) - twentieth
- είκοσι πρώτος (íkosi prótos) - twenty-first
- είκοσι δεύτερος (íkosi défteros) - twenty-second
- είκοσι τρίτος (íkosi trítos) - twenty-third
- ...
- ενενήντα ενάτος (enennínta enátos) - ninety-ninth
- εκατοστός (ekatostós) - hundredth
It's important to note that ordinal numbers agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. For example, "πρώτος" (prótos) changes to "πρώτη" (próti) when modifying a feminine noun in the singular form. Similarly, "πρώτος" (prótos) changes to "πρώτοι" (prótoi) when modifying a masculine noun in the plural form. This agreement is similar to the agreement we learned in the previous lesson when discussing nouns and gender.
Fractions and Decimals[edit | edit source]
Fractions and decimals are essential when dealing with mathematical calculations and expressing parts of a whole. In this section, we will learn how to express fractions and decimals in Modern Greek.
To express fractions in Modern Greek, we use the word "κλάσμα" (klásma) followed by the cardinal number for the numerator and the ordinal number for the denominator. Here are a few examples:
- 1/2 - μισό (misó)
- 1/4 - τέταρτο (tétarto)
- 3/4 - τρία τέταρτα (tría tétarta)
- 1/3 - τρίτο (tríto)
- 2/3 - δύο τρίτα (dío tríta)
To express decimals in Modern Greek, we use the word "δεκαδικός" (dekadikós) followed by the digits of the decimal number. For example:
- 0.5 - μηδέν πέντε (midén pénte)
- 1.25 - ένας και είκοσι πέντε εκατοστά (énas kai íkosi pénte ekatostá)
- 3.1415 - τρία και εκατόν τεσσεράκοντα ένα πέντε (tría kai ekatón tesserákonta éna pénte)
Practice expressing fractions and decimals in Modern Greek to become comfortable with these concepts.
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
Congratulations! You have learned the numbers and counting up to 100 in Modern Greek. Numbers are a fundamental part of any language, and mastering them will greatly enhance your ability to communicate and understand the world around you. In the next lesson, we will learn about days, months, and seasons in Greek, which will further expand your vocabulary and help you navigate through time-related conversations. Keep up the good work, and soon you will be well on your way to mastering the basics of Modern Greek!
Sources[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Overview of physician specialties
- Food and drink
- Fruits
- Law and justice
- Countries (Xwres Χώρες)
- Colors and shapes
- Business and economics
- Happy New Year
- Nature and Environment
- Mall Walking