Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Prepositions-of-time-and-place
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As we continue our journey into mastering Standard Arabic, today's lesson will focus on prepositions of time and place. Prepositions are words that show the relationship between different elements in a sentence.
In Arabic, prepositions are placed before the noun or the pronoun they are referring to. Learning prepositions is essential in expressing direction, location, and time accurately.
In this lesson, we will be discussing the most common prepositions of time and place used in the Arabic language in a clear and easy-to-understand way. You will learn how to use them in sentences to describe positions and times, which will help improve your communication in both formal and informal circumstances.
Prepositions of Time
One of the most common uses of prepositions is to describe time. Time prepositions in Arabic are divided into:
- فِي for "in"
- عَنْ for "about"
- مِنْ for "from"
- إِلَى for "to"
- حَتَّى for "until"
- بَعْدَ for "after"
Here are some examples:
| Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| فِي الْصَّبَاحِ | fi al-ṣṣabāḥi | in the morning |
| مِنَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ إِلَى الْخَمِيسِ | mina al-ithnayn ila al-khamis | from Monday to Thursday |
| عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ | an muhammadi | about Muhammad |
| إِلَى الْحَائِطِ | ila al-ha'it | to the wall |
| حَتَّى الْخَامِسَةِ | hatta al-khahmisah | until five o'clock |
| بَعْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ | ba'da al-iftar | after breakfast |
Prepositions of Place
Prepositions of place are used to describe the location of an object or person. In Arabic, there are several prepositions for location including:
- فِي for "in"
- عَلَى for "on"
- تَحْتَ for "under"
- جَانِبَ for "next to"
- خَلْفَ for "behind"
- أَمَامَ for "in front of"
Here are some examples:
| Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| فِي الْبَيْتِ | fi al-bayti | in the house |
| عَلَى الطَّاوِلَةِ | 'ala al-tawilati | on the table |
| تَحْتَ الْفِرَاشِ | tahta al-firashi | under the bed |
| جَانِبَ النَّهْرِ | janiba al-nahri | next to the river |
| خَلْفَ الْمَدْرَسَةِ | khalf al-madrasati | behind the school |
| أَمَامَ الْمُتْجَرِ | amama al-mutjar | in front of the shop |
I hope this lesson has been helpful to you. Remember, practice makes perfect. Try using these prepositions in your sentences as much as possible to master them.
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