Language/Bislama/Culture/New-Caledonia-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for New Caledonia - A chronology of key events
New-Caledonia-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png

New-Caledonia-Timeline-PolyglotClub.jpg

New Caledonia Timeline[edit | edit source]

Date Event
Between 3,200 and 3,300 years ago Austronesians who came initially from China, via the Philippines and Timor, arrived in New Caledonia and populated the territory.
1,300 to 200 BC. AD Lapita pottery period.
From 100 apr. BC to the first contacts with Europeans in the eighteenth century Period of regionalization and differentiation of the Austronesians Kanak.
From around the 16th century The oral tradition relates contributions from Polynesian peoples (Samoa, Wallis and Futuna, etc.) to the surrounding islands of the archipelago and contributions from Melanesia and Anatom to the Loyalty Islands and the 'Île des Pins then in the north to B
September 4, 1774 Discovery of the island by Midshipman Colnett under Cook's orders, during his second voyage aboard HMS. Resolution.
1827 Dumont d'Urville searches for the boats in La Pérouse and recognizes the Loyalty Islands.
1841 Installation of the first London missionaries in the Loyalty Islands and Isle of Pines.
1850 British colonist James Paddon settles on Île Nou which is part of present-day Noumea.
September 24, 1853 Napoleon III had the island taken over by Rear Admiral Febvrier Despointes.
1860 The island becomes an autonomous colony.
1864 Installation of a penitentiary establishment in Nouville.
1866 Port-de-France created in 1854 becomes Nouméa.
1874 Escape of 6 convicts, including Henri Rochefort.
1874-1881 Establishment of the code of nativity, which will be definitively validated in 1887, making the indigenous populations "subjects of France", but not enjoying any civil rights.
June 19, 1878 Grand Chief Ataï led the revolt against the settlers for seven months in the region of La Foa and Bourail (West Coast).
1880 The company Le Nickel is founded (SLN).
1895 Governor Feillet puts an end to penal colonization and brings in colonists from France in order to develop agriculture.
1897 Stop sending deportees to prison (21,000 since the beginning). The last penitentiary centers will be closed definitively in 1931.
1913 and 1917 Kanak revolt, the last of which near Koné.
1925 Last wave of rural colonization, coming from the north of France.
1940 On September 19, New Caledonia rallied to Free France, by declaration by Governor Sautot.
March 12, 1942 17,000 American soldiers land on the island.
1944 End of the native code.
1945 Creation of a deputy's seat and voting rights for certain natives.
1946 New Caledonia becomes an overseas territory.
1947 Civil rights obtained for the indigenous population, the Kanaks.
1953 Creation of the Caledonian Union (UC), a multicultural, autonomous and social party.
July 22, 1957 Voting rights for all Kanaks.
October 6, 1957 Election of the Territorial Assembly.
1958 The Territorial Assembly is dissolved.
December 17, 1958 Retention of TOM status.
1964 Discovery at Vanikoro of a wreck of one of the two ships from La Pérouse (in 2005 it will be identified as La Boussole).
1972 The anti-autonomists win the elections.
September 1975 Melanesia 2000 Festival.
1976 Law granting partial autonomy.
1977 Creation of a second deputy seat.
1977 Jacques Lafleur forms the Rassemblement pour la Calédonie which will become the Rassemblement pour la Calédonie dans la République (RPCR) in 1978, with many dissidents from the UC.
1979 Creation of the Independence Front - FI - with UC and Palika.
March 1982 The separatists gain territorial power and Jean-Marie Tjibaou becomes President of the Council of Government.
May 1984 New statute providing more extensive powers to the Governing Council and creation of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) which replaces the FI. Contact and executive training in Libya.
August 31, 1984 New statute of autonomy.
November 18, 1984 Territorial elections, the FLNKS boycotts them.
December 1, 1984 The FLNKS unilaterally constitutes a provisional government, which among other things brings about the so-called beginning of the events 1984-1988).
December 5, 1984 Ten Kanaks are assassinated during an ambush near Hienghène (Tiendanite). This follows numerous incidents on the east coast.
January 7, 1985 Edgar Pisani declares himself in favor of "independence-association", and on January 11, Yves Tual is assassinated by Kanak separatists in Thio. Riots in Noumea. January 12, death of the independence leader Éloi Machoro after clashes with the police.
September 13, 1987 Consultation on independence.
December 20, 1987 A new statute for the island is voted on by the National Assembly.
February 22, 1988 A group of independentists attacks 22 gendarmes in Poindimié.
April 22, 1988 Another pro-independence group stormed the Fayoué gendarmerie on the island of Ouvéa. 4 gendarmes were killed and the other 27 were taken hostage.
May 5, 1988 Operation "Victor" 19 hostage takers are killed as well as 2 soldiers. The hostages are freed.
April 24, 1988 The FLNKS boycotts the elections putting in place a new statute.
June 26, 1988 Jacques Lafleur and Jean-Marie Tjibaou sign the Matignon agreements stipulating that the French government will manage the affairs of the territory until July 1989.
May 4, 1989 Djubelly Wéa, member of the FULK, an extremist independence party, assassinates Jean-Marie Tjibaou and Yeiwéné ​​Yeiwéné ​​in Ouvéa.
March 1990 Paul Néaoutyne takes the presidency of the FLNKS and excludes the FULK, which will be dissolved in 1992.
1997 The radical leaders of the FLNKS create their own party, the Coordination Committee of the separatists.
May 5, 1998 Signature of the Nouméa Accord, to extend the interim period of the Matignon Accord by 20 years. Inauguration of the Tjibaou center in the presence of Prime Minister Lionel Jospin and Marie-Claude Tjibaou, widow of the independence leader.
November 6, 1998 Referendum on self-determination 72% accepted.
March 19, 1999 Promulgation of the organic law on the application of the Nouméa agreements.
May 28, 1999 Jean Lèques is elected president of the first collegiate government of New Caledonia.
January 2000 Beginning of the transfer of certain powers from the French State to New Caledonia, primary schools, mining law, maritime law ...
May 9, 2004 The second provincial elections under the Nouméa Accord changed the political situation in New Caledonia. The Rassemblement-UMP party led by Jacques Lafleur, the strongman of the territory until then, does not retain the majority in Congress. The separati
June 29, 2004 Marie-Noëlle Thémereau is elected president of the 5th government of New Caledonia resulting from the Nouméa Accord.
April-May 2005 The Jacques-Cartier of the French Navy undertakes the sixth excavation campaign at Vanikoro to find traces of La Pérouse. The two ships (including the famous Astrolabe) are identified. However, historical research into the causes of the shipwreck is not y
August 7, 2007 Harold Martin, head of the list of L'Avenir Ensemble, loyalist, succeeds Marie-Noëlle Thémereau as president of the government of New Caledonia.
October 25, 2007 Yves Dassonville is appointed High Commissioner. It will remain so until October 6, 2010. It will bring back public order on difficult issues such as that of the Saint Louis sector.
2008 Double anniversary of two historic agreements: the Noumea Accord signed 10 years ago, and the Matignon accords of 1988 which put an end to the quasi-civil war between loyalists and pro-independence supporters, mainly Kanaks.
July 8, 2008 A large part of New Caledonia's coral reef, ie 16,000 km², has been added to the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage List.
June 2009 Victory of the non-independence right in the provincial elections of New Caledonia. The Congress elects the new government: majority for a non-independentist common list (7 seats for Calédonie Ensemble, Rassemblement-UMP, Avenir Ensemble and LMD; 3 for th
2010 Goro Vale Inco plant, start of nickel production.
April 7, 2010 Jacques Lafleur resigns from Congress after forty years of political career. He died on December 4 in Australia, at the age of 78.
July-August 2010 The Congress advances on the identity signs provided for by the Nouméa Accord: the anthem (Let's be united, let's become brothers), the motto (Land of speech, land of sharing), the graphics of banknotes, and the flag. There will be no common flag, but acc
February-June 2011 The resignation of the FLNKS group from the government causes new elections. Harold Martin (Avenir Ensemble) is elected president of the government after several votes caused by three consecutive resignations from the Calédonie Ensemble group. Results: ma
September 2011 The XIVth Pacific Games are held in New Caledonia. The Cagous won 288 out of 905 medals. Swimmer Lara Grangeon and the football and basketball teams stood out in particular.
June 2012 Sonia Lagarde and Philippe Gomès (both Calédonie Ensemble, right-wing loyalist dissident list) are elected deputies from the two Caledonian constituencies. It is a great disappointment for the Rassemblement-UMP which loses its two seats and which sees its
October 2012 Creation of the steering committee on the institutional future of New Caledonia to prepare for 2014
December 2012 the center-right Calédonie Ensemble party tabled a motion of censure to overthrow the government, but 34 of the 54 Congress deputies voted against. The government is maintained.
2013 The FLNKS takes over the rotating presidency of the Melanesian group Fer de Lance, a political organization in the South Pacific.
February 27, 2013 Jean-Jacques Brot takes up the post of High Commissioner of the Republic.
April 10, 2013 First nickel casting in the northern plant at Koniambo Nickel.
May 2013 A general strike against the high cost of living paralyzes the country. The government agrees to take the necessary measures for an immediate drop in prices.
August 18, 2014 Vincent Bouvier becomes High Commissioner of the Republic.
April 1, 2015 Philippe Germain Calédonie Ensemble - CE - is appointed President of the Government of New Caledonia.
June 20, 2016 Thierry Lataste becomes, for the third time, High Commissioner of the Republic.
October 30, 2017 New Caledonia, the first ultra-marine territory, joins UNESCO as an associate member.
November 4, 2018 Organization of a self-determination referendum as stipulated in the Nouméa accords signed in 1998. The date set by Congress is November 4, 2018. This November 4, New Caledonian citizens had to vote "yes" or "no" to the following question: "Do you want Ne
November 4, 2018 The results of the referendum note a very strong participation of 81% with the "no" to independence which wins with 56.7% and the "yes" which makes 43.3% of the votes. This figure remains in the order of things compared to all other elections where the lo
May 12, 2019 Provincial elections. These note an average participation in decline with 66.5% of voters. The separatists go from 25 to 26 councilors at the congress, despite an electoral card which favors them. The loyalists are theoretically 28, but the Wallisian "com
June 11, 2019 Sonia Backès officially requests, under the AEC, that the French government initiate preparations for the second referendum as soon as possible. The separatists do the same.
June 13, 2019 Election of members of the new government. Loyalists are in the majority. 5 members come from the AEC including 1 from the EO. 1 EC member (Philippe Germain ex. President of the government). 3 UC members and 2 UNI-Palika members. The president of the gove

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